{"id":"Allium_cepa","k":"plant","sci":"Allium cepa","au":"L.","zh":"洋葱","alias":["分蘖洋葱","楼子葱","洋葱叶","洋葱子","洋葱萃取物","顶球洋葱"],"fam":"Amaryllidaceae","famZh":"石蒜科","gen":"Allium","genZh":"葱属","lf":"鳞茎类地下芽植物","cl":"温带","cn":true,"cult":true,"safety":"restricted","powo":"527795-1","wd":"Q23485","zhwiki":"洋蔥","dist":[["CHC","i"],["CHI","i"],["CHM","i"],["CHN","i"],["CHS","i"],["CHT","i"],["CHX","i"]],"parts":[{"part":"叶","v":"restricted","note":"未经确认其食用安全性前，不得供为食品原料使用。","src":"tw_fda","ref":"未确认安全性尚不得使用之原料"},{"part":"皮","v":"food_record","use":"食品原料（可供直接食用）","src":"tw_fda","ref":"可供食品使用之原料"},{"part":"鳞茎","v":"food_record","use":"食品原料（由植物制取的原料）","note":"应符合卫生福利部113年7月11日卫授食字第1131301534号公告订定之「食品原料洋葱萃取物之使用限制」，并自发布日生效。详细讯息可至卫生福利部食品药物管理署网站(http://www.fda.gov.tw/TC/index.aspx)之「公告资讯」项下之「本署公告」查询。 一、 本规定所定洋葱萃取物原料，系由洋葱(Allium cepa)之鳞茎，经萃取制得。 二、 前点制得之洋葱萃取物原料，其每日食用限量，以槲皮素(quercetin)计为1000毫克。","src":"tw_fda","ref":"可供食品使用之原料"}],"hazards":[{"part":"鳞茎","label":"刺激皮肤","toxins":"Sodium trans-1-Propenyl-thiosulfate; Methiin (S-Methylcystein-sulfoxid); Isoalliin; Propiin (S-propyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide); Thiopropanal-S-oxide; nPropyl-SS(O)-nPropyl; Sodium cis-1-Propenyl-thiosulfate; Me-SS(O)-nPropyl; Me-SS(O)-Me; n-Propyl-disulfide; Allyl-propyl-disulfide; n-Propyl-thiosulfate 等 19 种","src":"tppt"}],"uses":[{"c":"药用","texts":["Medicine"],"refs":[0,1,2,3,4,5,6]},{"c":"食用","texts":["Spice and condiment","Vegetable","Aroma","果蔬植物"],"refs":[0,7,8,9]}],"refs":["Chun-Yan, Li, Guang-Yong, et al. A checklist of the cultivated plants of Yunnan (PR China)[J]. Genetic Resources & Crop Evolution, 2011.","中国药材公司, 中国中药资源志要[M], 科学出版社，1994","国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会. 中华本草 维吾尔药卷[M]. 上海科学技术出版社, 2005.","国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会. 中华本草：第八卷. 上海科学技术出版社, 1999.","王国强. 《全国中草药汇编》[M]. 北京：人民卫生出版社, 2014.","贾敏如, 李星炜. 中国民族药志要[M]. 中国医药科技出版社, 2005.","赵维良.法定药用植物志[M], 北京，科学出版社，2019.","Wu M , Guo P , Tsui S W , et al. An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal spices used in Chinese hotpot[J]. Food Research International, 2012, 48(1):226-232.","中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会. 中国植物志[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1996.","王锦秀. 植物物种多样性变化对傣族原住民传统生物文化的影响[D]. 云南西双版纳: 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园, 2002."],"flags":[{"f":"基因资源","src":["wcfp"]},{"f":"材料","src":["wcfp"]},{"f":"毒物","src":["wcfp"]},{"f":"环境用途","src":["wcfp"]},{"f":"社会用途","src":["wcfp"]},{"f":"药用","src":["cn_useful","wcfp"]},{"f":"食用","src":["cn_useful","wcfp"],"ref":"Ali, A. M. S., 2005, Homegardens in Smallholder Farming Systems: Examples from Bangladesh. Human Ecology, Vol. 33, No. 2 pp. 245-270; Ambasta S.P. (Ed.), 2000, The Useful Plants of India. CSIR India. p 28; Anderson, E. F., 1993, Plants and people of the Golden Triangle. Dioscorides Press. p; Ara, R. I. T., 2015, Leafy Vegetables in Bangladesh. Photon eBooks. p 46 f; Badwar, R. R., & Fernandez, R. R., 2011, Edible Wild Plants of the Himachal Pradesh State by IHBT, Himalayas, Daya Publishing House,. Delhi, India; Bernal,R., et al, (Eds), 2016, Catalogo de Plantas y Liquenes de Colombia, Volumen "},{"f":"饲料","src":["wcfp"]}],"img":{"file":"Allium cepa, Amol.jpg","author":"Mehdi","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"}}