{"id":"Nelumbo_nucifera","k":"plant","sci":"Nelumbo nucifera","au":"Gaertn.","zh":"荷花","alias":["石莲子","芙蓉","芙蕖","荷","荷叶","荷叶蒂","荷梗","荷蒂","莲","莲叶","莲子","莲子心","莲房","莲花","莲藕","莲衣","莲须","菡萏","藕","藕节"],"fam":"Nelumbonaceae","famZh":"莲科","gen":"Nelumbo","genZh":"莲属","lf":"根茎类水生地下芽植物","cl":"亚热带","cn":true,"nat":true,"rl":"DD","safety":"restricted","powo":"605422-1","wd":"Q16528","zhwiki":"莲","dist":[["CHC","n"],["CHH","n"],["CHM","n"],["CHN","n"],["CHS","n"]],"parts":[{"part":"叶","v":"food_record","use":"食品原料（可供直接食用）","src":"tw_fda","ref":"可供食品使用之原料"},{"part":"幼叶及胚根","v":"restricted","note":"未经确认其食用安全性前，不得供为食品原料使用。","src":"tw_fda","ref":"未确认安全性尚不得使用之原料"},{"part":"种子","v":"food_record","use":"食品原料（可供直接食用）","src":"tw_fda","ref":"可供食品使用之原料"},{"part":"花、地下茎","v":"food_record","use":"食品原料（可供直接食用）","src":"tw_fda","ref":"可供食品使用之原料"}],"uses":[{"c":"药用","texts":["Medicine","药用类"],"refs":[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]},{"c":"观赏","texts":["Horticultural plant","Ornamental plants"],"refs":[0,2]},{"c":"食用","texts":["Vegetable","食用（ED）","淀粉及糖类","果蔬植物","饮料植物","蔬菜"],"refs":[0,2,3,4,10,11,12]},{"c":"饲料","texts":["Fodder"],"refs":[2]}],"refs":["Chun-Yan, Li, Guang-Yong, et al. A checklist of the cultivated plants of Yunnan (PR China)[J]. Genetic Resources & Crop Evolution, 2011.","Zhang L , Zhuang H , Zhang Y , et al. Plants for health: an ethnobotanical 25-year repeat survey of traditional medicine sold in a major marketplace in North-west Yunnan, China[J]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2018:S0378874118301399.","Zhang Y , Xu H , Chen H , et al. Diversity of wetland plants used traditionally in China: a literature review[J]. Journal of Ethnobiology & Ethnomedicine, 2014, 10(1):72.","中华人民共和国商业部土产废品局等编. 中国经济植物志[M]. 科学出版社, 1961.","中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会. 中国植物志[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1996.","中国药材公司, 中国中药资源志要[M], 科学出版社，1994","国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会. 中华本草：第三卷. 上海科学技术出版社, 1999.","国家药典编委会，中国药典[M]","王国强. 《全国中草药汇编》[M]. 北京：人民卫生出版社, 2014.","赵维良.法定药用植物志[M], 北京，科学出版社，2019.","刘怡涛,龙春林. 拉祜族食用花卉的民族植物学研究[J]. 广西植物, 2007, 27(2): 65-72.","曹利民,徐华,席世丽. 江西赣南客家食用植物的民族植物学研究[J]. 赣南师范学院学报, 2011: 53-56.","王锦秀. 植物物种多样性变化对傣族原住民传统生物文化的影响[D]. 云南西双版纳: 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园, 2002."],"flags":[{"f":"药用","src":["cn_useful"]},{"f":"蜜源等无脊椎动物食物","src":["wcfp"]},{"f":"观赏","src":["cn_useful"]},{"f":"食用","src":["cn_useful","wcfp"],"ref":"Bailey, F. M., 1913, Comprehensive Catalogue of Queensland Plants. Queensland Government. p 32; Lim, T. K., 2015, Edible Medicinal and Non Medicinal Plants. Volume 9, Modified Stems, Roots, Bulbs. Springer p 57; Prafulla, S., 2017, Wild Food Diversity of Nawegaon-Nagzira Tiger Reserve in Gondia-Bhandara district of Maharashtra, India. Int. J. of Life Sciences, 2017, Vol. 5 (4): 620-626; Singh, G. & Kumar, J., 2014, Studies on Indigenous Traditional Knowledge of some Aquatic and Marshy Wild Edible Plants used by the Munda Tribe of District Khunti, Jharkhand, India. International Journal of Bioa"},{"f":"饲料","src":["cn_useful"]}],"img":{"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sacred%20lotus%20Nelumbo%20nucifera.jpg?width=960","thumb":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sacred%20lotus%20Nelumbo%20nucifera.jpg?width=500","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sacred%20lotus%20Nelumbo%20nucifera.jpg","author":"T.Voekler","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/","src":"commons"}}