{"id":"Punica_granatum","k":"plant","sci":"Punica granatum","au":"L.","zh":"石榴","alias":["丹若","安石榴","安石榴籽油","山力叶","甜石榴","白石榴","白石榴根","白石榴花","石权","石榴叶","石榴子","石榴根","石榴根皮","石榴皮","石榴籽油","石榴花","若榴木","酸石榴"],"fam":"Lythraceae","famZh":"千屈菜科","gen":"Punica","genZh":"石榴属","lf":"乔木","cl":"温带","cn":true,"rl":"LC","safety":"toxic","powo":"554129-1","wd":"Q13188","zhwiki":"石榴","dist":[["CHC","i"]],"parts":[{"part":"果肉、种子","v":"food_record","use":"食品原料（可供直接食用）","src":"tw_fda","ref":"可供食品使用之原料"},{"part":"由种子制取","v":"restricted","note":"判定为「非传统性食品原料申请作业指引」定义1之非传统性食品原料，如有需求，请依前述指引之附件二「非传统性食品原料申请书」提出申请。","src":"tw_fda","ref":"未确认安全性尚不得使用之原料"},{"part":"花、叶、果皮","v":"restricted","note":"未经确认其食用安全性前，不得供为食品原料使用。","src":"tw_fda","ref":"未确认安全性尚不得使用之原料"}],"hazards":[{"lv":"toxic","part":"果实、根皮、树皮","label":"有毒","toxins":"Pelletierine (Isopelletierine); N-Methylpelletierine; Pseudopelletierine; Norpseudopelletierine; Quercetin; Apigenin; Kaempferol; Luteolin; Rutin; Ursolic acid; Oleanolic acid; Serotonin 等 13 种","src":"tppt"}],"uses":[{"c":"工业原料","texts":["鞣料类","鞣料植物"],"refs":[0,1]},{"c":"药用","texts":["Medicine","Decoction of the fruit skin: anthelmintic; pulverized flowers mixed with oil: put into the ears against ear inflammation.","药用类","作茶，治痢疾"],"refs":[2,3,0,1,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]},{"c":"观赏","texts":["Horticultural plant"],"refs":[2,1]},{"c":"食用","texts":["食用（ED）","果蔬植物","蔬菜"],"refs":[2,1,17,18]}],"refs":["中华人民共和国商业部土产废品局等编. 中国经济植物志[M]. 科学出版社, 1961.","中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会. 中国植物志[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1996.","Chun-Yan, Li, Guang-Yong, et al. A checklist of the cultivated plants of Yunnan (PR China)[J]. Genetic Resources & Crop Evolution, 2011.","Weckerle C S , Ineichen R , Huber F K , et al. Mao's heritage: medicinal plant knowledge among the Bai in Shaxi, China, at a crossroads between distinct local and common widespread practice.[J]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2009, 123(2):213-228.","中国药材公司, 中国中药资源志要[M], 科学出版社，1994","国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会. 中华本草 维吾尔药卷[M]. 上海科学技术出版社, 2005.","国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会. 中华本草 苗药卷[M]. 贵州科技出版社, 2005.","国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会. 中华本草. 蒙药卷[M]. 上海科学技术出版社, 2004.","国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会. 中华本草:藏药卷[M]. 上海科学技术出版社, 2002.","国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会. 中华本草：第五卷. 上海科学技术出版社, 1999.","国家药典编委会，中国药典[M]","孟珍贵. 滇西北永芝村藏族的药用民族植物学研究[D]. 云南昆明: 中国科学院昆明植物研究所, 2005.","潘玉梅,刘宏茂,许再富. 西双版纳傣族传统饮料植物利用的研究[J]. 云南植物研究，2006，28（6）:653-664.","潘玉梅. 西双版纳傣族传统饮料植物的利用研究[D]. 西双版纳: 中国科学院研究生院（西双版纳热带植物园）, 2146.","王国强. 《全国中草药汇编》[M]. 北京：人民卫生出版社, 2014.","贾敏如, 李星炜. 中国民族药志要[M]. 中国医药科技出版社, 2005.","赵维良.法定药用植物志[M], 北京，科学出版社，2019.","崔明昆. 云南新平花腰傣野菜采集的生态人类学研究[J]. 吉首大学学报(社会科学版), 2004, 25(4): 7-15.","王锦秀. 植物物种多样性变化对傣族原住民传统生物文化的影响[D]. 云南西双版纳: 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园, 2002."],"flags":[{"f":"基因资源","src":["wcfp"]},{"f":"工业原料","src":["cn_useful"]},{"f":"材料","src":["wcfp"]},{"f":"毒物","src":["wcfp"]},{"f":"燃料","src":["wcfp"]},{"f":"环境用途","src":["wcfp"]},{"f":"社会用途","src":["wcfp"]},{"f":"药用","src":["cn_useful","wcfp"]},{"f":"观赏","src":["cn_useful"]},{"f":"食用","src":["cn_useful","wcfp"],"ref":"Abbiw, D.K., 1990, Useful Plants of Ghana. West African uses of wild and cultivated plants. Intermediate Technology Publications and the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. p 46; Addis, G., et al, 2005, Ethnobotanical Study of Edible Wild Plants in Some Selected Districts of Ethiopia. Human Ecology, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 83-118; Afzal, S., et al, 2009, Ethno-botanical Studies from Northern Pakistan. J. Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 21(1); Ahmad, K. & Pieroni, A., 2016, Folk knowledge of wild food plants among the tribal communities of Thakht-e-Sulaiman Hills, North-West Pakistan. Journal of Ethnobiology and "}],"img":{"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Punica%20granatum%20004.JPG?width=960","thumb":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Punica%20granatum%20004.JPG?width=500","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Punica%20granatum%20004.JPG","author":"H. Zell","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/","src":"commons"}}