{"id":"Smilax_aspera","k":"plant","sci":"Smilax aspera","au":"L.","zh":"穗菝葜","fam":"Smilacaceae","famZh":"菝葜科","gen":"Smilax","genZh":"菝葜属","lf":"藤本","cl":"温带","cn":true,"nat":true,"rl":"LC","safety":"food_record","powo":"541279-1","wd":"Q161119","zhwiki":"穗菝葜","dist":[["CHC","n"],["CHT","n"]],"flags":[{"f":"食用","src":["wcfp"],"ref":"Ambasta, S.P. (Ed.), 2000, The Useful Plants of India. CSIR India. p 577; Aryal, K. P., et al, 2018, Diversity and use of wild and non-cultivated edible plants in the Western Himalaya. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2018) 14:10; Biscotti, N. & Pieroni, A., 2015, The hidden Mediterranean diet: wild vegetables traditionally gathered and consumed in the Gargano area, Apulia, SE Italy. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 84 (3): 327-338; Biscotti, N. et al, 2018, The traditional food use of wild vegetables in Apulia (Italy) in the light of Italian ethnobotanical literature. Italian Bo"}]}