{"id":"Veratrum_nigrum","k":"plant","sci":"Veratrum nigrum","au":"L.","zh":"藜芦","alias":["山葱","黑藜芦"],"fam":"Melanthiaceae","famZh":"黑药花科","gen":"Veratrum","genZh":"藜芦属","lf":"根茎类地下芽植物","cl":"温带","cn":true,"nat":true,"safety":"toxic","powo":"543516-1","wd":"Q158898","zhwiki":"藜芦","dist":[["CHC","n"],["CHI","n"],["CHM","n"],["CHN","n"]],"parts":[{"v":"restricted","note":"未经确认其食用安全性前，不得供为食品原料使用。","src":"tw_fda","ref":"未确认安全性尚不得使用之原料"}],"hazards":[{"lv":"toxic","part":"全株","label":"强毒","toxins":"Jervine; Pseudojervine; Veratroylzygadenine; Zygacine; Rubijervine (Rubigervine); Isorubijervine; Verussurine; Germerine; Veracintine; Rhamnoveracintine; Veralobine; Verazine 等 17 种","src":"tppt"}],"uses":[{"c":"农药","texts":["土农药类"],"refs":[0]},{"c":"药用","texts":["药用类"],"refs":[1,0,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]}],"refs":["中华人民共和国商业部土产废品局等编. 中国经济植物志[M]. 科学出版社, 1961.","Zhang L , Zhuang H , Zhang Y , et al. Plants for health: an ethnobotanical 25-year repeat survey of traditional medicine sold in a major marketplace in North-west Yunnan, China[J]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2018:S0378874118301399.","中国药材公司, 中国中药资源志要[M], 科学出版社，1994","依如贵. 内蒙古克什克腾旗民间蒙医生采集药用的野生植物研究[D]. 内蒙古师范大学,2017.","国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会. 中华本草 维吾尔药卷[M]. 上海科学技术出版社, 2005.","国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会. 中华本草：第八卷. 上海科学技术出版社, 1999.","孟根其其格,哈斯巴根. 内蒙古巴林右旗民间蒙医生药用野生植物的初步调查[J]. 时珍国医国药, 2012, 23(3): 744-833.","敖古干牧其尔. 内蒙古阿鲁科尔沁草原游牧系统野生植物资源调查研究[D]. 内蒙古师范大学,2017.","王国强. 《全国中草药汇编》[M]. 北京：人民卫生出版社, 2014.","赵维良.法定药用植物志[M], 北京，科学出版社，2019."],"flags":[{"f":"农药","src":["cn_useful"]},{"f":"药用","src":["cn_useful"]}],"img":{"file":"Veratrum nigrum Ciemiężyca czarna flowers 01.jpg","author":"Nova","license":"CC BY 3.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"}}