{"id":"Xanthium_strumarium","k":"plant","sci":"Xanthium strumarium","au":"L.","zh":"苍耳","alias":["偏基苍耳","日本苍耳","欧洲苍耳","粘头婆","羊带来","苍耳子","苍耳根","苍耳花","苍耳草","蒙古苍耳","虱马头","近无刺苍耳"],"fam":"Asteraceae","famZh":"菊科","gen":"Xanthium","genZh":"苍耳属","lf":"一年生草本","cl":"季节性干旱热带","cn":true,"nat":true,"safety":"restricted","powo":"260893-1","wd":"Q857159","zhwiki":"苍耳","dist":[["CHC","n"],["CHH","n"],["CHI","n"],["CHM","n"],["CHN","n"],["CHQ","n"],["CHS","n"],["CHT","n"],["CHX","n"],["TAI","n"]],"parts":[{"v":"restricted","note":"未经确认其食用安全性前，不得供为食品原料使用。","src":"tw_fda","ref":"未确认安全性尚不得使用之原料"}],"hazards":[{"part":"花枝顶部、幼株","label":"致敏","toxins":"Xanthinosin; Carboxyatractyloside; Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium salt; Tomentosin; Xanthanol; Isoxanthanol; Xanthumin; Xanthatin","src":"tppt"}],"uses":[{"c":"农药","texts":["杀虫"],"refs":[0]},{"c":"染料","refs":[0]},{"c":"油料","texts":["油料植物","油脂"],"refs":[1,0]},{"c":"纤维","refs":[2,3]},{"c":"药用","texts":["Cold"],"refs":[4,5,6,1,7,2,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,3,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23]},{"c":"观赏","texts":["绿化"],"refs":[3]},{"c":"饲料","texts":["野生饲料"],"refs":[6,0,23,24]}],"refs":["苏亚拉图. 阿鲁科尔沁国家级自然保护区植物区系及其民族植物学研究[D]. 内蒙古农业大学,2013.","中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会. 中国植物志[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1996.","乌柴夫. 内蒙古巴林左旗查干哈达苏木蒙古民族植物学研究[D]. 内蒙古师范大学,2019.","敖古干牧其尔. 内蒙古阿鲁科尔沁草原游牧系统野生植物资源调查研究[D]. 内蒙古师范大学,2017.","Zhang L , Zhuang H , Zhang Y , et al. Plants for health: an ethnobotanical 25-year repeat survey of traditional medicine sold in a major marketplace in North-west Yunnan, China[J]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2018:S0378874118301399.","Zheng X L , Xing F W . Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants around Mt.Yinggeling, Hainan Island, China.[J]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2009, 124(2):197-210.","世环. 内蒙古科尔沁右翼中旗植物区系及其民族植物学研究[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古师范大学, 2011.","中国药材公司, 中国中药资源志要[M], 科学出版社，1994","国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会. 中华本草 维吾尔药卷[M]. 上海科学技术出版社, 2005.","国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会. 中华本草 苗药卷[M]. 贵州科技出版社, 2005.","国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会. 中华本草. 傣药卷[M]. 上海科学技术出版社, 2005.","国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会. 中华本草:藏药卷[M]. 上海科学技术出版社, 2002.","国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会. 中华本草：第七卷. 上海科学技术出版社, 1999.","国家药典编委会，中国药典[M]","孟根其其格,哈斯巴根. 内蒙古巴林右旗民间蒙医生药用野生植物的初步调查[J]. 时珍国医国药, 2012, 23(3): 744-833.","尹显梅,尹博睿,张开元,薛倩倩,刘娟汝,蒋桂华,张丹,尹鸿翔. 四川德昌傈僳族端午节药市的民族植物学分析[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志,2017,23(08):32-38.","敖道夫,斯琴,布日额. 内蒙古哲里木蒙古族药用植物的研究[J]. 中国民族民间医药, 2007, 89(6): 334-337.","朱发厅,景元霞,卓茜,等. 内蒙奈曼旗科尔沁沙地药用植物资源研究[J]. 中国民族民间医药, 2011, 20，164(15): 53-56.","王宁. 贵州麻山地区宗地乡苗族聚集地野生植物资源利用分析[J]. 生态科学, 2013, 32(3): 365-371, 378.","王锦秀. 植物物种多样性变化对傣族原住民传统生物文化的影响[D]. 云南西双版纳: 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园, 2002.","贾敏如, 李星炜. 中国民族药志要[M]. 中国医药科技出版社, 2005.","赵维良.法定药用植物志[M], 北京，科学出版社，2019.","郑希龙,陈红锋,李榕涛,等. 海南润方言黎族药用民族植物学研究[J]. 云南植物研究, 2008, 30(2): 195-210.","陶阿茹娜. 内蒙古扎赉特旗蒙古族民族植物学研究[D]. 内蒙古师范大学,2016.","韩苏雅. 内蒙古扎鲁特旗植物区系及其民族植物学研究[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古师范大学, 2011"],"flags":[{"f":"农药","src":["cn_useful"]},{"f":"染料","src":["cn_useful"]},{"f":"油料","src":["cn_useful"]},{"f":"纤维","src":["cn_useful"]},{"f":"药用","src":["cn_useful","wcfp"]},{"f":"观赏","src":["cn_useful"]},{"f":"食用","src":["wcfp"],"ref":"Al-Sodany, Y. M., et al, 2013, Medicinal Plants in Saudi Arabia: I. Sarrwat Mountains at Taif, KSA. Academic Journal of Plant Sciences 6 (4): 134-145; Ambasta, S.P. (Ed.), 2000, The Useful Plants of India. CSIR India. p 692; Banerjee, A., et al, 2013, Ethnobotanical Documentation of Some Wild Edible Plants in Bankura District, West Bengal, India. The Journal of Ethnobiology and Traditional Medicine. Photon 120 (2013) 585-590; BARANOV, ; BARC, 2016, State of Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council. (As Xanthium indicum); Blamey, M and Grey-W"},{"f":"饲料","src":["cn_useful"]}]}